Mobile Computing in the Health Industry Essay

Computing in the Health Industry Michael Murillo CIS500 – Strayer University Professor Eve Yeates August 19, 2012 Introduction Over the years, the growth of the information technology industry has pioneered new developments in the field of mobile computing technology. Mobile computing devices has brought about change in several organizations around the world including the banking and financial industries. One of the industries that mobile computing has had the biggest impact is the healthcare industry. Health care providers and clinicians alike are constantly finding new and inventive ways to take advantage of the mobile computing technology to increase revenues, and to improve quality of service in terms of patient care and response. However, the use and implementation of mobile computing technology within the healthcare industry has not come without its source of problems. Laptop computers were bulky and the carts designed to tote these devices around the facility were very difficult to manage. According to the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), â€Å"those solutions frequently failed in real-world healthcare environments, largely due to inconvenience. † The introduction of mobile computing technology in its infancy stage brought about cellphones and PDA’s which proved to be inconvenient as well. Now we come to the age of tablets and smartphones which has improved mobile computing technology for the healthcare industry immensely. Mobile Computing in the Healthcare Industry The mobile computing technology currently implemented in the healthcare industry has both its advantages and disadvantages. To summarize, the succeeding list of both pros and cons are as follows: Advantages: 1. Quick response to patients. Patient care questions and answers, remedies, prescriptions, and patient records are immediately available and accessible. 2. Patients have access to medical records, history, and information utilizing mobile apps. 3. Doctors and clinicians have access to patient data while on the go. 4. Eliminates the use of multiple devices to access patient medical records. 5. Applications in general are simple and require no or little technical knowledge. 6. Application development for mobile solutions can be realized within modest budgets. Disadvantages: 1. Technical emphasis can be a stress factor for patients as well as medical staff. 2. The input of data needs to be secured and stored. 3. The infrastructure may not be able to offer the same standards as with wired technologies. 4. The radiation issue still unclear and needs to be defined and clarified. 5. The industry overall must agree to a certain industry standard. The biggest issue regarding mobile computing technology is data security. There has however, been tremendous strides in the technologies formulated to secure patient data and to prevent eavesdropping, sniffing, active interception, or man-in-the-middle attacks. There have been many flaws found in older encryption protocols used to protect wireless networks. Improper cryptographic methods has left Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) vulnerable to attack, especially so in a healthcare environment where we are dealing with Protected Health Information (PHI). Since then, cryptographic methods have improved. Now we have WPA2 which provides a more sophisticated method of encryption by the use of Advanced Encryption Standards (AES) based on the Rijndael algorithm a symmetric block cipher that can process data blocks of 128bits using cipher keys with lengths of 128bits, 192bits, and 256bits. This is the highest form of encryption for wireless technology to date and there is no such method of hacking or cracking AES at this time. Another form of protection to wireless networks and the mobile computing industry is the introduction of the 802. 1x standard, which was developed as a means to face the challenges regarding wireless networks and wired networks from such vulnerabilities and threats. Port based authentication eliminated the threat of user intervention by unauthorized means of gaining access to an organizations network by providing a mechanism of authenticating the user at the point of connection (the port). Therefore, if an unauthorized person tried to gain access into an organizations network, he/she would have to be authenticated at the port level prior to gaining access to resources on the network or from the network servers. Another method of providing protection to an organizations network via wireless technology is through the use of MAC address filtering. Access points come with a built in feature that could allow the administrator to configure which devices can have access to the network based on the physical address of the device. These methods gave more flexibility to the network administrator in delegating control of network resources to authenticated users and preventing unauthorized access from malicious attack. The Power of Shared Experiences via Social Networking The power of social networking has proven to be a helpful tool in organizing assistance when dealing with a major illness. Carepages. com is a website designed to provide support to families coping with cancer and other serious illnesses. Patients can post updates on there condition, share thoughts about how they are feeling. They can also share multimedia contents such as photos or videos, and obtain a flux of support from individuals from around the world experiencing the same illnesses. The power of social networking call also be helpful in updating family and friends in an instant without having to take the time to make several phone calls or text messages. Amazon. com’s Universal Wish List is also a creative means to have family and friends help during a time of serious illness and financial crisis. This service allows the patient to post a wish list of things as simple as detergent to pricey dietary supplement drinks.

Diet and Depression

â€Å"Can Diet Help Stop Depression and Violence? † Every prisoner in jail most likely incarcerated due to some sort of violence they’ve committed or been a part of. There are many suggestions as to what can bring down depression and violence rates like Jurriaan Kamp explained. Some given information from the passage includes more physical activities, yoga, meditation and a well balanced diet. Yes, these symptoms might help bring down the depression and violence rates but that is not the only thing that has been researched on.Weirdly enough fish oil can provide the extra boost. Having a healthy diet with enough vitamins and nutrients are a great start for a healthy well-being. After researching and doing studies on certain prisoners and students by feeding them fish oil it is provident to say that prison violence dropped, children in school began to achieve better grades, and depression rates have fallen. Bad diets cause bad behavior and good diet prevents it. 231 Briti sh prisoners were rounded up and began to be investigated upon for four months.Bernard Gesch, a psychologist and the researcher spitted the men aged 18-21 in half. Half of them would be receiving multivitamin, mineral, and fatty-acid supplements with their meals. The other half would be taking placebos, a substance containing no medication to see if the vitamins and fatty acid like omega 3 really had an effect on prisoners’ violence and minor infractions. As month passed and Gesch observed that minor infractions of prison rules by the group consuming multivitamins and omega 3 had fallen by 26 percent.On the other hand the group taking the fake medication barely changed. The most dramatic changed was showed in the group taking the fish oil, incidents of violence dropped to a staggering 37 perfect while the prisoners on placebos did not change. Gesch did the same research in the Netherlands but results were different than in England. This time around he conducted research with 221 inmates ages 18-25. 116 of them were given daily supplements for up to 3 months. The other 105 receive placebos.Report of violence dropped by 34 percent but contrastingly the prisoners on placebos rose 13 percent. Better healthy can only help violence and can not hurt it, so why not take the chance. Additionally, another place where nutrition as been improved and seems to be working is in the city of Durham, England. A psychologist conducted a study in 12 primary schools. The study was based on 117 children ages 5-12. Students were of average ability but underachieving in some aspects.Likewise in the prisoner’s research half of the students were given omega-3 supplements for 3 months and the other half received an olive oil placebo. Results showed that those students taking the omega-3 did significantly better in spelling than those students who were taking placebos. The psychologist also goes to explain that yes there are prescriptions for disorders such as Ritalin, but states that there’s also something more than can be done. One of the choices is to increase your child’s intake of omega-3.It may not totally cure his disorder but it will cause no harm and omega-3 will only benefit the child’s disorders. It can play an important role in stimulation the brain, keeping it healthy, and helping it ward off debilitating conditions. Seeing as the number of people with psychological disorders will double. People should take into consideration and should want to take omega-3 to better their health and their brain by just taking a simple fish oil pill. Jurriaan Kamp stated that 6. percent of New Zealanders suffer from severe depression; these citizens also eat very little fish. In Japan where the fish consumption is high, 0. 1 percent of the people suffer from depression. After carefully looking at the statistics psychologist have come to the conclusion that in countries in which fish consumption is low there is a new found theory that it is more likely of suffering from depression by 50 times greater than in countries where the consumption is high.People should eat fish regardless if it does help depression or not. Fish isn’t only beneficial to depression but it is also good for ones health. Depression is rare in Iceland, which has the highest per capita fish consumption in the world. It was also found that the risk of being murdered is thirty times higher in countries where fish consumption is low compared to countries where fish consumption is high.In conclusion, after reading all these statistics it’s safe to say everyone should take fish oil or omega-3. Hibbeln found that depressive and aggressive feelings diminished by about 50 percent after taking fish-oil capsules. Not only does it better your chances of being ‘violent’ or even going into ‘severe depression’ but also it’s excellent for your body over all. Even just increasing your consumption of fish it self c an do the body nothing but it nothing but multiple of superb results.

A Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Research

The following is a critical evaluation of qualitative articles by Lisa Booth using Ryan, Coughlan, and Cronin 2007 to determine its reliability, robustness, reliability, and completeness (Ryan, Coughlan Cronin, 2007). Qualitative research is seen as a recursive process that attempts to produce insight into the subjective experiences, meanings, customs, and perspectives of the people involved in the natural environment (Craig Smyth, 2007). The aim here is to investigate the factors that influence the way radiologists use communication to better understand patient-centered care in diagnostic radiography. The author of this task critically assesses the qualitative research report on standard treatment entitled Care of Alzheimer's Disease Patients in an Acute Hospital Environment. (Fiona Cowell, 2009) (Appendix 1). He will use the framework of Polit and Beck (2010) and Roe (1998) to help criticize this article. As a third grader student nurse, the authors talk about how behavior of hea lthcare workers differ for people with dementia and how they need to receive education to improve healthcare workers I have seen. Skills of dementia patients Also, according to the Alzheimer's Association (2010), there are about 750,000 people with dementia in the UK. The author of this task will critically assess qualitative research. Qualitative research is a more comprehensive approach focusing on subject's attitude, belief, experience, behavior. We focus on understanding and interpretation of behaviors in the natural environment such as home and usual environment. Greenhaugh Taylor (2007). The study used was Fraser et al. (2006) - Life with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: perspective of insider. Advanced care magazine. Vol 55 (5), pp 550-558 MMR talk and vaccination of choices: ethnographic research in Brighton study critical evaluation of is a qualitative research aimed southern England, to consider in detail the determination of the parent of the MMR vaccination in Bri ghton. Its impact The choice of qualitative method is a successful methodology because the purpose of researchers is to investigate ethnographic background. - ... Many parents are dissatisfied, and preschool children have not been immunized with measles (Huether McCance, 2012, p.178). With this, the number of cases of measles and the number of deceased persons increased unprecedentedly. Given the possibility that the vaccine can not be used, there will be more cases. With more diseases there will be serious long-term sequelae and further mortality A Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Research The following is a critical evaluation of qualitative articles by Lisa Booth using Ryan, Coughlan, and Cronin 2007 to determine its reliability, robustness, reliability, and completeness (Ryan, Coughlan Cronin, 2007). Qualitative research is seen as a recursive process that attempts to produce insight into the subjective experiences, meanings, customs, and perspectives of the people involved in the natural environment (Craig Smyth, 2007). The aim here is to investigate the factors that influence the way radiologists use communication to better understand patient-centered care in diagnostic radiography. The author of this task critically assesses the qualitative research report on standard treatment entitled Care of Alzheimer's Disease Patients in an Acute Hospital Environment. (Fiona Cowell, 2009) (Appendix 1). He will use the framework of Polit and Beck (2010) and Roe (1998) to help criticize this article. As a third grader student nurse, the authors talk about how behavior of hea lthcare workers differ for people with dementia and how they need to receive education to improve healthcare workers I have seen. Skills of dementia patients Also, according to the Alzheimer's Association (2010), there are about 750,000 people with dementia in the UK. The author of this task will critically assess qualitative research. Qualitative research is a more comprehensive approach focusing on subject's attitude, belief, experience, behavior. We focus on understanding and interpretation of behaviors in the natural environment such as home and usual environment. Greenhaugh Taylor (2007). The study used was Fraser et al. (2006) - Life with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: perspective of insider. Advanced care magazine. Vol 55 (5), pp 550-558 MMR talk and vaccination of choices: ethnographic research in Brighton study critical evaluation of is a qualitative research aimed southern England, to consider in detail the determination of the parent of the MMR vaccination in Bri ghton. Its impact The choice of qualitative method is a successful methodology because the purpose of researchers is to investigate ethnographic background. - ... Many parents are dissatisfied, and preschool children have not been immunized with measles (Huether McCance, 2012, p.178). With this, the number of cases of measles and the number of deceased persons increased unprecedentedly. Given the possibility that the vaccine can not be used, there will be more cases. With more diseases there will be serious long-term sequelae and further mortality

Communication Theory & Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communication Theory & Research - Assignment Example ards this issue through provision of information that has not been presented by other researchers, provision of solutions towards the same, and by tackling a key social issue. The researcher was interested in studying this topic because she wanted to raise the awareness of the effects that can result from a simple fat talk. In addition, in view of the negative metal concerns highlighted, she also intended to provide certain solutions to deal with this issue because dissatisfaction with one’s own body could be disastrous in a person’s interaction with other people in the society. This is because these individuals can view themselves as unwanted or as ugly making them vulnerable and prime targets for bullying. From a personal perspective, this research is both unique and important. This is because it tackles a topic that most people do not view as important but has far-reaching effects. Furthermore, besides providing information on effects of the same, the article has als o provided adequate information on how to revert the effects of the fat talk. This is the most important part as it provides a

2 films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2 films - Essay Example Dadier but the two gradually get to respect each other. View of Teaching: Richard Dadiers view of education is rather idealistic to start with and out of touch with the schools realities but this turns as he gets to interact with his new reality more and more through out the movie. The principle has a rather hard time admitting the schools disciplinary issues. He struggles to assert his authority on the unruly students and since he has a disciplined approach to running the school though its ineffective at best. View of Students: Despite the principles attempts to instill discipline, the students end up more unruly and undisciplined. The students actually develop gangs and are led by leaders that hate the principal. The students are seen by Mr. Dadier as being able to change and be more disciplined thus harboring potential to perform well in school. However the new teacher Joshua Edwards is so Naà ¯ve in his impression of the students that they end up picking on him and destroying his music records. The decisions made by the principal are for the good running of the school and for the students some are just there to pass the time till they can attain legal age to go do their own things away from school without the risk of being taken to reform school. For his first teaching job and faces a multitude of problems in his new role. He does his Job well and plays his role well throughout the movie interacting with both the teachers and students adequately to achieve his goals and principles. Gregory Miller: he is the rather intelligent and slightly less bitter student class leader as compared to Artie West. Initially he also has a dislike for Mr. Dadier which diminishes with time as respect for each other grows gradually all through the film. He initially tried hard to maximize his benefits from his education but soon realizes no one cares. This makes

Dissatisfaction of employees in organization Assignment

Dissatisfaction of employees in organization - Assignment Example However, every employee has certain expectations from the company for, which they deliver their services. An employee craves for variable returns for his/her services being rendered to the organisation. A dis-satisfied employee may face variable amount of problems, which may result in decline of the productivity of the employees that will drastically affect the overall performance of an organisation (Anderson, 2011). Effective leadership quality and application of advanced procedures will ensure in directing the employees to the attainment of business objectives. In this context, dis-satisfaction among the employees arises due to ineffective management systems prevailing within the organisations. The paper intends to discuss about the problem prevailing within the organisation mentioned in the case study. The study also lays a dis-satisfaction amidst the employees and its adverse effects on productivity. In this respect, the current issues that are creating various factors of indiffe rences of a chosen organisational situation will be analysed upon. And based on the analysis, effective measures for curbing out the issues to improve the organisational situation will be determined thereon. ... An in depth analysis provides a clearer picture of that presented the aspects of inequalities within the organisation. This aspect seemed to take a negative turn within the entire organisation. It was learned that all the employees who were working within the organisation were not treated in an equal manner. It has been affirmed form the case scenario that the employees who dedicatedly invested their time and effort in meeting up the business requirements were not given equal treatments, benefits and perks as compared to other employees. This created a dis-satisfaction among the employees, which affected the productivity of the organisation. According to the brief scenario, broader benefits comprised of different opportunities pertaining to learning of multiple languages. The other benefits included proper motivation, opportunities pertaining to receiving scholarships, different forms of training among other beneficial factors. On the other hand, the scenario was totally different. T he other bunch of employees who seem to work very hard for the sake of the organisation did not received any returns from the organisation’s end. It seemed that all of efforts were simply getting wasted as there was no one to recognise their hard work. And these aspects ultimately lead to dissatisfaction among the employees as they were not receiving any kind of benefits or motivational support. The medical hospital mainly dealt with patients who suffered serious issues pertaining to addiction. In the addiction section of the particular organisation/ mental hospital, there were three types of staffs that mainly consisted of doctors, psychologists and nurses. It was around 100 employees who served in that particular section of the

Waste Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Waste Management - Essay Example If the temperature is high then all wastes will be decomposed. Incinerator design also determines the amount of airflow into the incinerator. This determines the level of decomposition of the wastes. High air flow means total combustion while low inflow of air means partial combustion. Total combustion means low quantity of gases. The operation of the incinerator will also determine the quantity of gaseous products produced and their composition. The type of handling the materials are given dictates the quantity and composition of gases produced. Operation determines the temperature of combustion and the level of mixing as well as the amount of air allowed in (Oppelt 1987). Operation also determines the residence time that the combustion process takes and the type and amount of fuel to be used in the combustion Fuel also contributes to gaseous products. All these factors have a bearing on the quantity and composition of the gaseous products coming out of the incinerator The properties of the waste materials also determine the quantity and composition of the gases produced. Different types of waste materials produce different gaseous compositions in different quantities. Waste materials have different physical and chemical properties which result in production of different quantities and compositions of gases (Oppelt 1987).The quantity of residues is determined by the quantity of the waste products that are fed into the incinerator. The residence time of the wastes in the incinerator, the temperature, quantity of oxygen and level of mixing determine the level of combustion hence the amount of residue produced. When there is absolute combustion then little residue is produced (Oppelt 1987). A WAP which stands for a waste analysis plan is the plan that is used as an outline of the analysis done on wastes before they are disposed off. Not all

Advanced Nursing Role Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Advanced Nursing Role - Essay Example elly (2012) front line managers are responsible for patient care delivery, planning and monitoring resources, maintaining codes and standards and developing and evaluating staff. Middle-level managers facilitate cooperating in the organization by serving as a link between front line and upper-level managers. Upper-level managers are specialized in management and administration of the healthcare organization; by establishing goals and strategizing plans (p. 401). I agree that nurse managers and nurse administrators have supervisory tasks in an organization. Even though individuals sometimes regard a nurse administrator and nurse manager as one administration role, it should be noted that these two roles differ in responsibility and payment. Nurse Managers are responsible for a single unit within a medical facility, while a nurse administrator is responsible for more than one unit all units in a medical facility. Additionally, nurse managers fall under the category of middle management, while nurse administrators fall under executive level management (Crowther, 2008). In regard to educational level; nevertheless, they can possess a graduate degree as an added advantage; while nurse administrators require a graduate degree as well as clinical experience. Nurse Managers work directly with nurses who offer primary care to patients, giving guidance on the appropriate medical care, whereas nurse administrators work with middle-level managers and other senior staff, thereby providing indirect care to patients (Parker & Smith,

Speaker presentation response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Speaker presentation response paper - Essay Example It is a common behavior for people to follow their favorite teams through the help of social media services. I am sure that the speaker has clearly understood the need if modern ways to reach out to the consumers. I believe this is a very modern way of selling tickets because earlier consumers would give consideration to pay for the movies instead of going to the Friday basketball matches. Now with the help of social media networks including twitter, Facebook, Instagram, it is rather easier for the sellers to increase the interest of people in games. It is where the selling can also be done as modern ways of marketing has helped ways to complete sells in one go. The speaker has also discussed perceived values which have been made as the focus of selling tickets. It notes that the speaker stresses on the entertainment that a family can get by going at a basketball or football match. This has been compared with films where a family is bound to just stay silent and watch the film. Also, children under 18 years of age may not be entertained at the cinema. The speaker has highlighted these cons in order to enhance the perceived value of sports match. I also believe that this way of enhancing the perceived value is not incorrect. ... The speaker states that it is very important to tell the consumers about the added service that they would get along with their buy. Speaker in his case states that car parking is near to the matches allowing the consumers to have ease of entering and leaving on time. Considering myself as a person who is more likely to buy the tickets to matches, I would surely be interested to know if I have good access to car parking. I will also look upon the people who I could take with myself to the match. All these points are sure to affect positively any consumer. Thus, marketing of something which might not be one’s interest is possible by looking at the elements of consumer behavior closely and correctly. The presentation has weaved out a number of very important elements of consumer behavior which has made me interested in the products which are not bought easily. It is easier to understand that with the help of these minor elements, consumer’s can be affected by large. Also, the usage of social media as a way to reach out to the consumer is the prominent way of undertaking marketing because users of these sites at least connect or login 5 times minimum in a day (Lefebvre). This frequency is more likely to increase with the passage of time. Considering the researches and investigations that have been undertaken so far also confirm this practice. In fact it is recommended to these people to take a step forward to bring innovation in marketing through newer and exciting modern ways of changing consumer perception about the product. Marketing and advertising have also stressed on the significance of consumer behavior and perceived value that should be underlined with the product because this can bring wild increase in the sales

MGMT ESSAY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGMT - Essay Example However, being a younger executive, having only 3.5 years of experience in an industry, it is not necessary that seniors in other positions may hear my words properly. I have to use my expertise well to derive respect from others and to use my power effectively. Nobody can challenge me if I prove my credentials in front of other senior executives. Attraction is another source of personal power. Others will definitely notice my charisma, behaviour and physical characteristics before accepting me as their leader. Even though my experiences are less, I should convince my fellow employees that my experiences were in a senior position and I am capable of handling any situations. Once I succeeded in proving my abilities, it would be easier for me to command the respect of my fellow employees. Situational leadership is implemented in majority of the organizations at present and I should implement it in my organization also. I should create an impression that my leadership styles are neither autocratic, nor democratic in nature, but a mixture of the two. In other words, I should respond to the problems based on the situations. Employees will always try to imitate their leaders. In other words, if the managers are passive, employees will also try to follow the same path. On the other hand, if the managers are active, employees will also try to become active as much as possible. In other words, I should try to become an active leader. When the leader shows more vigilance in organizational matters, employees cannot become idle. They should realise that the leader is watching their every movement. Under such circumstances, they will be forced to concentrate more on their responsibilities. Legitimacy increases acceptance. In other words, I should take more care while taking any decisions in my organization. My fellow employees should feel that my decisions are legitimate and it will guide the organization towards prosperity. I should specifically remind my managers

Marketing Assignment Essay Example for Free

Marketing Assignment Essay My chosen retailer is Pick n’ Pay which is a company owned by South African entrepreneur Raymond Ackerman in 1967. Pick n’ Pay was able to gain a large share of the market because Raymond Ackerman’s policy of putting offering customers the best value for their money before profit maximisation and various social responsibility programmes have made them a household in South Africa. Question 1 Pick n Pay bridges the following gaps: * Space. * Time. * Information. The space and time, value gaps are bridged by pick n’ pay, by establishing what the market really wants and providing consumer what they want at the right price in the right environment. -Information on products is readily available in stores during promotions and generally accessible in store. -Pick n’ Pay offers financial services like credit on large purchases like appliances. -Through bridging these gaps Pick n’ Pay has been able to establish long term relationship with consumers. Question 2 An organisation has to perform its primary amp; auxiliary marketing activities efficiently and in a timely manner to ensure that the needs/ of the customer are met. Pick n’ Pay also owns its own transportation fleet so they have more control over meeting demand on time. * Pick n Pay conducted detailed market research in order to properly serve its market as all store formats are as diverse as the geographic area they operate in, from the large hypermarkets to the express stores in petrol stations, they cater to all different market segments. Pick n’ Pay also own Boxer supermarkets which cater to low income groups such as rural areas. * They form of standardisation and grading is their policy of giving consumers double their money back on Pick n’ Pay products if they not satisfied with the quality, This policy enabled Pick n’Pay to gain the trust of consumer which translates into Customer loyalty. All other products offered by Pick n’ Pay have to follow certain regulations before being offered to the public. Pay has to take the necessary steps to ensure that products like fruits are available all year round which means such products need to be stored in fridges and other products have to be stored properly so they don’t get damage before getting to the actual store so they don’t incur any losses. * The risk of loss or damage is to be mitigated by the form of having insurance policy to cover the business. * Pick n’ Pay borrows money from banks to cover the day-to-day operations; Raymond Ackerman says many businesses that were destined for greatness failed because they didn’t have enough cash to run their daily operations. I would say Pick n’ Pay uses the societal marketing-oriented concept because of their environmental initiatives which have even gained the organisation a Sunday Times Top Brand Grand Prix award for the company that did the most to promote â€Å"green† issues and social upliftment of communities. Raymond Ackerman stresses the importance of doing â€Å"good† business which means implementing sustainable practices in the work environment and doing what the business is obligated to do in terms of social responsibility. Here are some environmental initiatives have introduced: * Green Products- Products that are 100% recyclable with active ingredients that are made from sustainable,natural ingredients. * Introduced limited edition eco-friendly bags to limit the use of plastic bags * Pick n’ Pay vehicles use a low sulphur content diesel and ozone-friendly lubrication oils. * Setting up recycling points at Pick n’ Pay stores * In 2009 they opened up 3 Pick n’ Pay express stores, starting a new era of green retailing. These type strategies will gain the business long term customers because of its awareness of contributing positively to the environment. Question 4 I would say my chosen retailer has evolved to this level because they the good relationship it has with its stakeholder that’s why they have been able to offer the market such good prices and within any business you need to maintain good relationship with your suppliers for example, this would ensure that everything is delivered in a timely time and with your employees to ensure that their product are product and know what’s expected of them. Pick n Pay has a number of policies and guidelines to govern relationships with its stakeholders so every interaction with its stakeholders is morally sound and is in line with the correct practices so that customers are satisfied and customers are retained. Question 5 5. 1 The micro environment of Pick n’ Pay is its internal stakeholders which would be: * Employees * Investors * Management The business has full control over this environment. The market environment is the outside of the business and the business can only control this environment to a certain degree. The market environment comprises of: * Suppliers * Competitors- Checkers,Spar,Woolworths. * Customers * General Public – Brand Perception and Brand awareness. 5. 2 Pick n Pay is a company that focuses a lot on physical environment and socio economic issues as it recognises the importance of sustainability practices in its business due to the fact that natural resources are not available in infinite quantities and the damage us humans are doing to the environment. Pick n’ Pay has also implemented programmes that challenge socio economic issues such as unemployment. Here some the changes and programmes implemented to adapt to changes/trends in the macro environment: * Setting up recycling points at Pick n’ pay which in turn provides employment. * â€Å"Green† products – 100% recyclable products with natural active ingredients that don’t harm the environment. * BEE programmes which allows people from disadvantaged backgrounds to own a Pick n’ Pay franchise store. * Pick n’ Pay company also recently extended its ‘Green Range’ of household products to include garbage bags made from 100% recycled material, 70% of which is post-consumer recycled materials.

Branding Essay Example for Free

Branding Essay Case Study 1: Transaction pricing in a recessionary economy Our client is an FMCG major that sells its products across many large and small retailers. The client is facing pressure from one such large retailer to cut prices across brands and categories. The client is therefore losing money on several products. Our client would like to use analytics to bring in some science into the pricing decision. Our analysis should help the client decide what pricing strategies should be applied to each product. How would you approach this analysis? The data available is weekly price and volume data for all client brands at the retailer for a period of 2 years. Case Study 2: Managing extreme seasonality Our brand is a high end lifestyle brand, famous globally. They however, face an issue of seasonal sales, with over 60% of their sales coming in the holiday period. They would like to understand how best to ensure sales in non seasonal periods as well and make the sales curve more even. Data available includes volume and values sales and usage and attitude studies. Case Study 3: NPD (own label) at a supermarket chain A leading supermarket chain wants to expand its limited portfolio of RTE food products. Transaction data for the past 1 year is available. How would you go about understanding the type of products to be introduced? What is the launch strategy for the products chosen? Case Study 4: Acquisition vs New product development A food major in the market with no chips brand in its portfolio. A decision has been made at the board level to either acquire an existing brand or launch a new one in this space. You are in charge of implementing this. 1. How will you take the decision on acquisition vs. new product development? Which metrics would you evaluate, what analysis would you perform what data would you require? 2. If you decide to acquire a brand, how would you choose among the existing brands? What info do you require on each brand to make this call? a. Any intangible factors that would influence your valuation of existing brands? In case you decide to launch a new brand, how would you go about it? How would you decide the desired new brand characteristics and the associated marketing mix? Case Study 5: Analyzing brand performance A chips brand has recently been launched, but its performance has not been too good. The large promotional investments put in have not yielded lasting returns. You are told to investigate what’s wrong with the brand. 1. What data would you request to complete your investigation in this case? 2. Can you talk about your analysis roadmap in this scenario? What possible corrective actions would you suggest (you are free to make relevant assumptions on the diagnosis)? Case Study 6: Heritage brand with stagnating growth A very old chips brand (kind of like a heritage brand) is faced with stagnating growth. It continues to perform reasonably well on key equity parameters, and there is no decline compared to previous years. 1. How do you read the situation? What data would you require to make an accurate diagnosis of the issue? What are the potential corrective actions you would suggest? How would you decide between the various options?

Impact of Violence in Video Games

Impact of Violence in Video Games Introduction to the impact of violence in video games Purpose of violence in video games Purpose of dissertation Research question and hypothesis Methodology .. About. On Existing Information . Practical Approach History History: . Why Story is Important in Game: .. Case Study: .. Literature Review: .. Data Analysis Gaming Market Share . Stats of games released in recent 3 years: Introduction Contents Introduction to the impact of violence in video games Purpose of violence in video games Purpose of dissertation Research question and hypothesis Just like movies and other forms of media, video games have always been criticized as an influence to violent and aggressive behavior by news print media and public opinion. There has always been an argument about video games imparting graphic violence, partial or full nudity, portrayal of immoral behavior or other provoking and offensive material to a childs mind. Studies indicate that video games are one of the prime factors contributing to addiction and aggression. Yet numerous studies have found that video games dont contribute to these problems. Moreover, several groups have claimed that there are few if any methodically proven studies to support these reports, and that the video game industry has become an easy target for the media to be accountable for many contemporary problems. Also, many researchers have proposed possible positive effects of video games on parts of communal and mental development and psychological well-being. It has been presented that action video game players have far better hand and eye coordination and visual and motor skills, such as their resistance to distraction and their sensitivity to information in the outlying vision and also their ability to count briefly presented objects than non-players. Purpose of violence in video games I believe that today our media reflects us as a culture. Besides that it also helps form that culture in turn. Humanity embraces violence, as shown by thousands and thousands of years of history. We desire peace while formulating war. Its a very human contrast. Why, then, wouldnt our most popular pastime involve the same clash? We want innovation; nevertheless we still seek out the experiential violence that we hanker as a species. I also believe that its far better to allow ourselves to shoot each other online in simulated virtual worlds than do so in real life. As I have explored video gaming as a cultural occurrence, Ive found that every players experience of games is completely different. My own non-violent trends color my responsiveness of games that are explicit in their subjects of war and violence and cruelty. I am not stating that i dont see the significance in such games, particularly when taking  into account the existing modern culture. What has been an excellent instrument to exhibit how societies view and express themselves are written media, films and novels which expresses war, death , life and what it worth to be a human. I feel Video games are no different. They are reaching to a certain critical mass, in terms of technological ability and thematic scope that, I believe, will compete with the range and impact of film and books in a very short span of time. Hopefully, videogames mature into their full potential as a media and they begin to take on other themes and topics such as Love, and family, and working together in soc iety as much a part of being a human as war and violence. Problem Statement Purpose of Dissertation I am writing this dissertation to display how video games have matured, switching from the days of gentle  Pac-Man  clones to the gritty, sleazy underworlds of  Grand Theft Auto. Through this transformation, they have found critics and supporters. Though this may all seem recent, its a debate that has been boiling for years. Research Questions: What is the role of video games in the media world? With what can we evaluate the violence exposure and aggression? How is the attitude of viewers and players changing their values and behavior? What ways can help the field of gaming to be free of negative impact? Is there a significant evidence that exposure to media violence is a risk factor for aggressive and violent behavior? What is the conclusion of the issue of violence in relation to videogames? What effect does the violence in video games have on the users? What percentage of violence is accredited to video games? Methodology Contents About On Existing Information Practical Approach About This dissertations main object is to show the impact of violence in video games on todays culture and consumer preferences. The document will show both the negative and positive effects of violence in video games. On Existing Information It is made sure that all the information gathered through various electronic and traditional media are as current as possible. For this dissertation Ive used Google as my prime source material, while supplementing this thesis are various news websites like CNN.com, NYtimes.com and various relevant print media. Further more I would be researching books on video game violence and collect data from the already existing surveys and studies. Practical Approach My approach would be to show how violence in videogames shape the psychological behavior of the consumer and show what are the positive and negative effects of too much violence and graphic themes in modern day video games. I would be conducting various surveys and research on ground level, and based on most current controversial events that have occurred in the world of video games. Based on the demography of the recipient I would be taking some surveys that would have ask them their preferences and inclination towards graphic violence, nudity, gore etc.

Humorous Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride -- Wedding Toasts

Humorous Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride Well, good afternoon everyone, for those of you that don?t know me my name is Lee and I?m Janie?s dad, and in keeping with tradition, it is my honor and privilege to deliver the ?Father of the Bride Speech?. Having to make this speech is one of the few opportunities in a married man?s life when he is allowed to do all of the talking...and I intend to make the most of it. Now, giving a speech can be a little stressful so I will put into practice what I preach, that is...always remember the ABC to the XYZ of public speaking. ABC..Always Be Confident, ?XYZ..Xamine Your Zipper. (check zipper). It won?t be a long speech on account of my throat?.no, it?s not sore, it?s just that Janet threatened to cut it if I go on too long! So I?ll start...Distinguished guests, those of dubious distinction and those of absolutely no distinction whatsoever, family, relatives, friends, relatives of friends, friends of friends, hotel staff, freeloaders and hangers-on, on behalf of Janet and myself, I extend a warm welcome to Janie and Martin?s wedding celebration reception. You know, delivering the ?Father of the Bride? speech feels a bit like a sheikh walking into his harem for the first time...you know what to do, but you don?t know where to start. I will start however by taking this opportunity to thank especially Janet for not only being chief worrier and organise... ... we marry. It is very obvious that they have found in one another a perfect match; their happiness shines like a beacon. Janie and Martin, there is no challenge in a marriage that cannot be overcome by the following three, three word sentences: I was wrong. You were right. I love you. So, approaching the toast, ladies and gentlemen, please stand and make sure your glasses are fully charged?mine is being charged to Barclaycard? Janie and Martin? Here?s to the past for all that it taught you Here?s to the present for all that you share And here?s to the future for all that you can look forward together Ladies & gentlemen please raise your glasses. The toast is?Janie & Martin, Bride and Groom

Yemen Conflict and the Role of the IGOs and the NGOs in the Yemen Confl

Introduction The conflict that took place in Yemen in 2012 was one of the most rigorous revolutions that took place in the Middle East during the Arab spring revolt. The conflict in Yemen started as a protest against social and economic conditions such as unemployment, corruption, and the proposal by the government to modify the constitution. As the protests proceeded, people of Yemen added more grievances and called for the resignation of President Ali Abdullah Saleh. During this conflict, the government and military officials resigned from president Saleh’s government rendering the government powerless in dealing with the protestors. In January 2012, a major protest that involved sixteen thousand nationals took place in Yemen, this pressured president Saleh making him to announce that he would not run for reelection. However, the protestors could not hear any of this and they intensified their protests. The government’s relevant authorities opened fire on protestors, and many peo ple lost their lives with fifty-two protestors being shot dead in March (Amnesty International 10). Yemen Conflict and the Role of the IGOs and the NGOs in the Yemen Conflict The first IGO to be involved in the Yemen conflict was Gulf Co-operation Council, which tried to enter into a deal to end the conflict with president Saleh. However, president Saleh walked out of the agreement some hours before it was signed, and he did this three times. When president Saleh walked out of the deal for the third time, the Gulf Co-operation became frustrated and announced that it was withdrawing its mediation efforts in the Yemen conflict. President Saleh not only withdrew from the broken deal, but also refused to sign a transi... ...esses (Clark 128). Works Cited Amnesty International. Yemen: Human Rights Concerns Following Recent Armed Conflict. New York, NY: Amnesty International, 2011. Print. Caton, Steven C. Yemen Chronicle: An Anthropology of War and Mediation. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, 2012.Print. Clark, Janine A. Islam, Charity, and Activism: Middle-Class Networks and Social Welfare in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004. Print. Little, Tom. South Arabia: Arena of Conflict. London: Pall Mall P., 2011. Print. Nefissa, Sarah Ben. NGOs and Governance in the Arab World. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2012. Print. Terrill, Andrew W., and Army War College (U.S.) Strategic Studies Institute. The Conflicts In Yemen And U.S. National Security. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2011. Print.

Rec Project :: essays research papers

Introduction The NWS Yorktown sponsorship agreements follows the BUPERS guidelines on sponsorship and this guideline is our Bible. We adhere to it strictly. NWS Yorktown special events offer a unique avenue for the corporate sector to meet their business objectives through sponsorship opportunities. MWR events offer specific target markets of all ages including both military and civilian communities. In order to become apart of corporate advertising budgets, a certain message about NWS Yorktown special events and the many benefits they offer to potential sponsors must be conveyed in a timely and effective manner. There are more events than are supported by sponsorship dollars. Sponsorship proposals are being more carefully assessed to select opportunities which offer the most consideration and highest potential of measurable sales increases for budgeted promotional dollars. Once an event has been proven to deliver corporate benefits, sponsors will seek out more event opportunities and possible increase existing involvement. Establishing Excellence in Programming and Execution NWS Yorktown MWR special events compete with special event programs throughout the Hampton Roads area. These programs typically have large operating budgets and the ability to charge high ticket prices to patrons. MWR is becoming increasingly more effective in doing more with less and thus providing events equal to, and sometimes better than events on the outside for nominal fees. Consistency in excellence event programming is a goal of MWR. Communicating this idea to Hampton Roads military is an even greater goal. An established special events program with consistent high attendance records in a specified target market is a prime arena for a company looking to coordinate their promotional dollars efficiently. Understanding Corporate Objective of Event Participation Today, more than ever, event marketing must be designed to fulfill specific business objectives. By determining these distinct goals, we as event organizers can assist corporations in satisfying their projections through sponsorship of our events. Once sponsorship agreements have been signed, a personalized advertisement and promotional package can be tailored to specific business needs. For the event organizer, being in tune with the event means being able to offer creative marketing ideas to participation sponsors. It is just as important for the sponsor to receive a measurable, positive result as it is for MWR to obtain the sponsor’s dollars. Looking at the entire picture from both ends of the spectrum is the key to successful event marketing program. Commercial Sponsorship vs Donations Commercial sponsorship is the exchange of cash, goods, and/or services for marketing opportunities at an event.

Promote and implement health and safety Essay

Promote and implement health and safety in health and social care (HSC 037) Outcome 1 : Understand own responsibilities, and the responsibilities of others, relating to health and safety 1. identify legislation relating to health and safety in a health or social care work setting The settings in which we are likely to provide support are generally covered by the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 ( HASAWA ). This Act is like the overall â€Å"umbrella† that has been updated and supplemented by all the regulations and guidelines which extent it, support it or explain it. Health and Safety at Work Act: Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 ( as amended 2002 ); Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 ( COSHH ); Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 ( RIDDOR ) ( amended 2008); Health and Safety First Aid Regulations 1981; Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999. Read more: Analyse factors that tend to trigger own stress essay 2. explain the main points of health and safety policies and procedures agreed with the employer The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the main piece of legislation that covers related health and safety in England. It is everyone, no matter what their job role is, within the organisation has a responsibility to ensuring the health and safety of each other while at work. It is also the employee’s duty to take care for themselfves and of other persons who may be affected and time to read the risk assessment reports and follow any changes that have been made. All staff should follow the changes that have been made. Things such as manual handling, be sure that we move and handle object and inviduals safely; fire/evacuation policy, be sure that we know our organisation fire /evacuation policy and procedure and the location of fire exits and fire equipment and how to call for help; risk assessment, understand the risk to each activity that we undertake and assess the risk regulary if there is any improvement or not; waste disposal policy, understand the colour of the general waste and clinical, the type of sharp boxes with differrent colour; infection control, we need to know the policies that are designed to prevent the spresd of infection, such as washing your hands between each patient and side rooms, where can have an infection with mrsa, cddif so we have to wash before entrering the room and after, aswell hearing a yellow appron. 3. Analyse the main health and safety responsibilities of: †¢ self, to take care of our own health and safety; if possible, avoid wearing jewellery, such as necklace, that can be stuck in some equipment; if you have long hair or wear a headscarf, to make sure it is tied up; making sure that we get proper training and that we understand and follow the company ´s health and safety policies; to report any injuries, strains or illnesses we suffer as a result of doing our job; tell our employer if something happens that might affect our ability to work. †¢ the employer or manager, have to make the workplace safe; prevent risks to health; ensure that equipment is safe to use, and that safe working practices are set up and followed; make sure that all materials are handled, stored and used safety; provide adequate first aid facilities; tell us about any potential hazards from the work we do, chemicals and other substances used by the organisation, and give us information, instructions, training and supervision as needed; set up emergenc y plans; make sure that temperature, lighting and tolitel, washing facilities all are adequate in health and safety; check if the right work equipment is provided and properly used and regulary maintained; avoid potentially dangerous work involving manual handling and, if it cannot be avoided, take precautions to reduce the risk of injury; report certain accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurances to eitheir the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). †¢ others in the work setting, other employees in the work place have the same role as us. They should use all PPE made available to them. They should be responsible for their own health and safety, in accordance to the policies, as well the patients and other employees around them and they should report any concernes to reduce the risk to the patients. 4. identify specific tasks in the work setting that should not be carried out without special training. Manual handling equipment, such as sliding sheets, hoists,mobility aids, need to be carried out by people who have had a training to do it. Employers are obliged to provide training in manual handling. Traning it is important to be up to date, for new techniques and equipment. Moving patients without proper training is dangerous for both of us. We will also need training for specific equipment, for example, arjo hoist and oxford hoist is to be used in workplace, no one will be able to operate it without training. When we have to move a patient out of bed and get him in the armchair, so we have a look on the risk assessment manual & handling form how to mobile, it is  written need to use a arjo hoist. To use a hoist we have to have a training how to use it and how to know which sling we should use. A patient weigh 60 kg, so we check the different colors of the slings and we should use the yellow sling, so now we can hoist the patient on the armchair. So for that we need a manual handling training update. Outcome 2: Be able to carry out own responsibilities for health and safety 1. use policies and procedures or other agreed ways of working that relate to health and safety Health and Safety policies set out the arrangements thta a workplace has for complying with legislation. Health and Safety procedures decribes the activities that need to be carried out our work in line with the policies and procedures laid down by your employer. There is no point having policies and procedures if they are not followed. We must be clear about the areas thatt are our responsibility. 2. support others to understand and follow safe practices Supporting people to take steps about their own safety. It is important that we recognise that people you are supporting need to be able to ensure their own health and well-being as far as possible. To support this, we should encourage and assist people to: talk about the stepd they would prefer to take in relation to health and safety; understand and take responsibility for promoting their own health and care; assess and manage risks to their health and well-being; identify and report any factors that may put themselves or others at risk. It is very difficult if we are the only person in your worplace following good practice. We may able to encourage others by: always showing a good example; explaining why we are following procedures; getting some health and safety leaflets from our trade union or environmental health office and leaving them in the staffroom for people to see; bringing in any imformation about training; asking our manager if they can arrange a talk on health and safety. 3. monitor and report potential health and safety risks We are have a responsability with our employer for the safety of all the peolple who use our service. This means that we need to be alert alll the time- risks and hazards are constantly changing and we need to make sute that we are aware of these canges. Juat because we checked something six  months ago, do not assume that it is still working well; a hoist that worked few days ago may not work today. We need to be aware of and monitor the following types of hazards regulary. Reporting risks to our manager or 6000 is important , even after a risk assessment and control measures. We should report hazards that are beyond our role and competence, such as: faulty equipment; loose or damaged fittings; damage or faulty aids-for exemplo, bed brakes, bed controlers, hoists. As well as our responsibility to report risks and hazards to our employer, all employers have to report certain events to the Health and Safety Executive or environmental health department. 4. use risk assessment in rela tion to health and safety Risk assessment in health and social care is important for everyone whether they are employers, self-employed or employees, who are required by law to identify and assess risks in the workplace. This includes any situations where potential harm may be caused. There are many regulations that require risks to be assessed and some are covered by European Community directives. These include: Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999; Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992; Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992; Health and Safety ( Display Screen Equipment ) Regulation 1992; Noise at Work Regulation 1989; Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH); Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2002; Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 state that employers have to assess any risks which are associated with the workplace and work activities. Risk assessments are vitally important in order to protect the health and safety of both of us and the people we support. We should always check that a risk assessment has been carried out before we undertake any task, and then follow the steps identified in the assessment in order to reduce the risk. 5. demonstrate ways to minimise potential risks and hazards Done. assess at work. 6. access additional support or information relating to health and safety. Outcome 3: Understand procedures for responding to accidents and sudden illness 1. describe different types of accidents and sudden illness that may occur in own work setting We may be involved with any of different types  of accidents and sudden illness at the hospital, we can occur with patients wandering around the ward, who has dementia, they can trip over with their clothes, getting tired to walk around and can have a fall, they can have aggressive behaviours towards to the staff who trying to help them. Patient walking with mobility aids, frame, to the toilet with assistance from a member of staff and carried a oxygen bottle(small). Can occur a sudden illness of strength using a toilet and having a loss of consciousness. Can occur loose stool with offensive smell and type 5/6/7 when a patient been treated with antibiotics due to any infection they had such a UTI or a chest infection. 2. explain procedu res to be followed if an accident or sudden illness should occur. When accidents or sudden illness happen we call for help, cases of a fall, if the patient follow commands, they can stand using a chair or a bed, bending their knee and stand with our help, in case of a patients can ´t stand, we use the hoist, after that we check their skin, asking if they have any pain and do a set of observation and bleep the doctor. Loss of consciousness happen from a strength, call for help, pulling the emergency alarm, quick and bring him back to bed, increase the oxygen, set of observations and bleep the doctor. If we have a patients with C. Difficile infection is a type of bacterial infection that can affect the digestive system. It most commonly affects people who have been treated with antibiotics, they should be in the side room. The procedure to be followed when a patient has loose stool type 5/6/7, a stool speciment should be sent for c.diff and mrsa check, when we know the result of the speciment and it is c.diff, isolate the patient if a side room is available or barrier nurse in the bay with a trolley with gloves, yellow apron and a sign with a date of commence of the diarrhea and tick the boxes what the visitors should do and give to the patient a leaflet of information regarding the infection they have. C. difficile bacteria spread very easily can usually be prevented by practising good hygiene such as washing hands regularly and cleaning surfaces using products containing bleach. Visitors/staff can reduce the risk of spreading infection by washing your hands before and after entering the bed space. Alcohol hand gel is not effective against C. difficile spores, so the use of soap and water is essential. Outcome 4: Be able to reduce the spread of infection 1. explain own role in supporting others to follow practices that reduce the spread of infection My role in supporting others is to follow practices that reduce the spread of infection by always ensuring I wear the correct ppe, wash my hands frequently, and dispose of contaminated waste in the yellow bins provided. Make sure all the equipment is clean before use and after use. My role in supporting others to preventing C. difficile infections is advising visitors, if they are visiting a patient in hospital who has diarrhea or a stomach upset, to try to avoid taking any children under the age of 12 with them. They should also, wash their hands with soap and water when entering and leaving ward areas, side rooms. Avoid coming to hospital if they are feeling unwell or have recently had diarrhoea. Observe visiting hours and all visiting guidelines. Healthcare workers should wear disposable gloves and aprons when caring for anyone who has a C. difficile infection. Whenever possible, people who are infected with C. difficile should have their own room and toilet facilities to avoid passing the infection on to others. Staff, patients and visitors should be encouraged to wash their hands regularly and thoroughly. Alcohol hand gel is not effective against C. difficile spores, so the use of soap and water is essential. Surfaces that may have come into contact with the bacteria or spores, such as toilets, the floor around toilets, bedpans and beds, should also be cleaned thoroughly with water and a cleaning product that contains bleach. 2. demonstrate the recommended method for hand washing Face to face done 3. demonstrate ways to ensure that own health and hygiene do not pose a risk to an individual or to others at work. Face to face done Outcome 5: Be able to move and handle equipment and other objects safely 1. explain the main points of legislation that relates to moving and handling There are 2 main pieces of legislation that are relevant to moving and handling. They are the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (amended 2002). Health and Safety at Work Act 1974: This refers to all health and safety issues, not just moving and handling. It states that employers have an obligation to provide equipment, information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure as  far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety at work of their employees. It also states that every employee must safeguard themselves and others and must co-operate with the employer. Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992: This states that manual handling should be avoided whenever possible; If it is not possible to avoid manual handling, the task should be risk assessed; Any risks that have been identified should be reduce as much as possible; Assessments should be reviewed on a regular basics; Employees must comply with policies and procedures regarding manual handling. 2. explain principles for safe moving and handling Wear appropriate footwear and clothing which allows freedom of movement. Always assess the load, task, capabilities of staff and environment (TILE) before manual handling. Always select the correct equipment or technique for the movement. Avoid manual lifting wherever possible. Remove all potentially dangerous objects. If moving a patient, teach them to participate and encourage independent movement. Stand as close to the patient as possible, and spread your feet to shoulder width. Bend your knees ( use thigh not back muscles ) and try and keep the back upright posture. Keep head up to avoid stooping, look straight ahead. Use the legs to lift the patient in a smooth motion as this offers more leverage reducing the strain on your back. Avoid twisting the body as much as possible by turning your feet to position yourself with the patient. Brace your abdominal muscles when moving and handling to help support the lumbar spine. Use the commands READY BRACE MOVE. 3. move and handle equipment and other objects safely. Outcome 6: Be able to handle hazardous substances and materials 1. describe types of hazardous substances that may be found in the work setting The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health ( COSHH ) Regulations apply to substances that have been identified as Toxic: chemicals which in very low quantities cause death or acute or chronic damage to health whn inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin; Corrosive: chemicals which on  contact withh living tissues may destroy them; Harmful: chemicals which may cause death or accute or chronic damage to health; Irritant: non-corrosive chemical which through immediate, prolonged or repeated contact with the skin or mucous membranes, may cause inflammation; Explosive; chemicals that may react producing heat without atmospheric oxygen, quickly producing gases and which can detonate and explode; Oxidising: chimicals which give rise to heat producing reactions when in contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances; Flammable: Extremely ( F+ ) liquids that have an extremely low flash point below 0 ºC and low boiling point equal to or below 35 ºC. Or gaseous substnces which are flammable in contact with air at ambient temperature and pressure. Highly ( F ) chemicals which may become hot and catch fire in contact with air at ambient temperature without any application of energy. A solid which readily catches fire with minimal contact with a source of ignition and which continue to burn after the source is removed. Liquids with a very low flashpoint ( equal to or less than 21 ºC ) and not classified as extremely flammable. 2. demonstrate safe practices for: †¢ storing hazardous substances †¢ using hazardous substances †¢ disposing of hazardous substances and materials. Outcome 7: Be able to promote fire safety in the work setting 1. describe practices that prevent fires from: a. starting Practices that prevent fires from starting include: the use of smoke alarms, ensuring all cigarettes have been extinguished, ensuring all unused electrical equipment is unplugged and ensuring electrical and gas appliances have been checked. b. spreading Practices that prevent fires from spreading include: Keeping fire doors closed to prevent the spread of fire, not opening windows that might make the fire spread suddenly. 2. demonstrate measures that prevent fires from starting 3. explain emergency procedures to be followed in the event of a fire in the  work setting Fire emergency procedures: Sound the alarm, then call the fire brigade, follow the evacuation plan, report to the assembly point. Help others only if safe to do so otherwise close doors behind to avoid the fire spreading, it is also important not to use the lift in a fire. All routes of evacuation, fire exits, doors, corridors and passage ways must be kept clear at all times because if a fire occurs, all means of quick escape are available. This also complies with legislation requirements. 4. ensure that clear evacuation routes are maintained at all time. Outcome 8: Be able to implement security measures in the work setting 1. demonstrate use of a greed procedures for checking the identity of anyone requesting access to: †¢ premises †¢ information 2. demonstrate use of measures to protect own security and the security of others in the work setting 3. explain the importance of ensuring that others are aware of own whereabouts. The importance of ensuring that others are aware of own whereabouts when in a care setting is that to avoid being caught in the situation or emergency cases where you don’t even know where to escape to save yourself. Also, If you know your whereabout, then you will avoid accidents that may happen since you know the place where you are, most of all, you will avoid being lost. For example, there was fire in the building and you have already left without telling anyone and you are not accounted for on the register they might assume you are still in the building, that’s why it is very important to tell about your whereabouts. Outcome 9: Know how to manage stress 1. describe common signs and indicators of stress Stress is the way that you feel when too much pressure is placed on you.   A little bit of pressure can be positive, productive and motivating, but too much pressure can lead to negative stress. When we talk about stress we are usually referring to negative stress. It is unhealthy for the mind and body. Everyone reacts differently to stress and different people can cope with different levels of stress. In many cases, too much stress often leads to physical, mental and emotional problems.

Birth Control

It is a hormonal mode acting of stick issue control. They subjoin estrogen and progestin to stop the egg from leaving the ovaries and to append the thickness of cervical mucus. The pill is real effectual, e genuinelywhere 99% effective, when pre decennarydn as directed. It is proficient for approximately women, but few women with health conditions or who delibe stray other medications should non lay claim the pill. The pill whitethorn subscribe to nigh case make. The benefits of possess control atomic number 18 it processs regulate and lighten periods, seat religious service with menstrual cramps, acne, and hinder veritable illness.It similarly improves m whatsoever womens energise lives due to their office stafffulness to be spontaneous. The disadvantages to have got control pills argon that few women stir spotting in the midst of periods, na mathematical sportswomanctiona, and disparager tenderness. However, that usually goes away indoors a few months. It kindle similarly change a womans libido. It quite a bantam in any case increase risk for some more than serious illness. You need a prescription medicine for the pill. You butt joint go toa private clinic, participation clinic, or dethaw clinic for an evaluation and prescription. You hobonister appropriate the bring forth control from a pharmacy or a clinic.You may need an exam to arse around the prescription, which fanny follow surrounded by 35 and 250 dollars. The represent of the pill each month is between 15 and 50 ollars. Some aforethought(ip) p atomic number 18nthood exit give you alliance control for precise low salute or for free depending on income. You take a pill at the kindred time during the positionreal daylight every day of the month. Condom A thin slicing of formative or latex that is regulate to fit a pens. It is languid over the penis during sex. It is a parapet manner, it prevents spermatozoon from entering t he womans vagina, anus, or mouth. Condoms be 98% effective when economic consumptiond as directed.You give the bounce help their effectiveness by development spermicide and/or constructioning out before ejaculation in access to employ a condom. Condoms ar very safe unless a person is hypersensitised to atex, in which case they need to secure a p surviveic condom. The benefits of utilize condoms ar their convenience, their comfortion against STDs, dont require a prescription, ar cheap and easy to get, and they gouge help a man stay put together grander. The disadvantages of using condoms be that some partners may be allergic to latex. It likewise has been state to dull the sensation or break away foreplay to choose to put on a condom.You can cloud condoms at drugstores, community health centers and clinics, or at planned parenthood. Individual condoms cost close to a dollar The condom is worn on the penis. You usually roll it on from the tip to the base o f he pens. spermicide Spermicide is a chemical cream, gel, film, or suppository that stops sperm from moving. Spermicide is a chemical. It bears sperm from moving or debars the cervix. When you use spermicide correctly, it is 85% effective for women. The benefits of spermicide is that it can help protect against maternal quality if you are allergic to latex or cannot be on the pill.The disadvantage of spermicide is that it does not protect against S You can get spermicide at drugstores, clinics, or planned parenthood Spermicide be about 8 dollars. You accede near spermicide deep into your vagina using an applicator or your fingers. Sponge It is made of plastic foam and is filled with spermicide. It covers the cervix to block sperm (barrier) and prevents sperm from moving. Women who use the scrub correctly get pregnant 9% of the time. Most women can use the schnorrr safely but you should not use it on your period. The benefits of the arse around are that it is safe and con venient.It can be carried in a purse or pocket. It can also not be felt by your partner. The negative effects of the sponge are it may be embarrassing for women to insert or remove. You can get the sponge at Planned Parenthood, drugstores, or clinics. It cost about 12 dollars for a need of three. You wet the sponge with a little bit of water. Then you squeeze the sponge gently to activate the spermicide to get the whole thing wet. Then you conclude the sponge and insert it as ut intimately as your fingers can reach. Feel around the sponge to make sure you can retrieve the loop and that it is covering the cervix.After relative you must leave it in for at least six hours and then pull it out by the loop. Patch The fixing is a thin daub pose on the pare to prevent pregnancy. The patch releases horm mavins, progestin and estrogen It is very affective. slight than 1% of women get pregnant when using the patch as directed. The patch is very safe but cannot be employ with some medications. The pros of using the patch is that it allows for a spontaneous sex life. It gives you shorter, lighter periods. It can also help with acne, cramps, and prevent some cancers.The cons of using the patch are that it does not prevent against STDs You can get it from a pharmacy. You need a prescription which you can get from a clinic or your doctor, and it be about 15 to 80 dollars for one month. You apply the patch on to your skin and leave it for three weeks. Then you take it off for a week. Breastfeeding After bad birth breastfeeding releases hormones to prevent pregnancy. It is a hormonal method acting. If a women practices continuous breastfeeding less than 1% get pregnant for six months. thither are no side effects.The advantages of the method are the accompaniment that it is very received and isnt backbreaking to use. It is also very safe. The disadvantages of using this method some women find it difficult to exclusively breastfeed their baby and it is totally effective for six months later on birth. You dont mother to get anything, you Just breastfeed your baby. The method is free. You breastfeed your baby four hours during the day and six hours at night and your hormones get out the prevent pregnancy. yield Control nip It is a shot you get in your arm. It releases progestin into your bloodstream and the hormones willing prevent pregnancy.Less than 1% of women get pregnant on the shot. It can not be taken with some medication but for most women it is safe. The advantages of the shot is that it is safe, simple, and is long lasting. The disadvantages are that thither may be some impermanent bleeding for the first 6 months. You can get the shot at a private health care supplier or a clinic. It requires a prescription and can cost between 35 and 250 dollars. You use it by getting a shot from your doctor. Fertility Awareness system Fertility Awareness Method forming by tracking when the egg is released to prevent pregnancy.It keep s sperm out of the vagina during the periods where she is most fertile. 24% of couples who do not use the method effectively will become pregnant. The method is very safe and has no side effects. The benefits are that it is very safe and it is free. The disadvantages are that you must stop from sex for ten days each month. You dont need to get anything. It is free and doesnt require a prescription. You keep track of the days you are ovulating and quit from sex for those times to void pregnancy. Outercourse It is sex without penetration. It works by keeping sperm out of the vagina.It is practically 100% effective when used correctly. It is very safe and has no side effects. The benefits are that it decrements the probability of STDs, and can make sex play last longer and increase closeness and reliance between partners. The disadvantages are that some pack may find it difficult to abstain from vaginal sex. It cannot be obtained, you Just have sex differently. It is free, you don t need a prescription. The ways to have sex without penetration are oral sex, anal sex, masturbation, sex oys, kissing, manual stimulation, body-to-body rubbing, and fantasy.Diaphragm It is a shallow dome influence cup you insert into your vagina. It is a barrier method. When used correctly, it is affective 94% of the time. It is more effective when used with spermicide. The advantages of this method are it is immediately effective, can be carried in a purse, doesnt affect hormones, and the sex partner can not usually feel it. The disadvantages are it may be difficult for some women to insert and can be moved out of place by aggressive sex or certain sex positions. You must see a health care provider to get a diaphragm.You must be fitted and given up a prescription, then you can buy it at a drugstore. It can cost between 15 and 75 dollars (not counting the cost of the exam). You put spermicide in the cup. You fold the diaphragm in one-half and insert i t into the vagina, making sure it covers your cervix. Morning After oral contraceptive pill It is emergency contraception after unprotected intercourse. It keeps a womans ovary from being released for longer so that it can not come in contact with sperm. Most are up to 89% effective when taken within three days of unprotected sex. It is very safe, there are no reports of any serious complications.The advantages to this method are that if you have unprotected sex, this can be a kind of last resort to protect yourself after. The disadvantages to the morning after pill are rare, but some side effects such as irregular periods, breast tenderness, or nausea. At 17 or older you can buy a pill over the counter without a prescription. Under 17 you need a prescription. It can cost between 10 and 70 dollars. You take the pill as soon as you can after your unprotected sex. Abstinence Abstinence is abstaining from, or not having, sex. It works because you are not penetrating the vagina therefore cannot get pregnant.Th e method is 100% effective. The advantages to this method are it is free and there are no side effects. The disadvantage to abstinence is that it isnt any fun because you cant have sex. You dont need to acquire it. The method is free. You use it by utilisation self control and not having sex. It cost about 295,560 dollars to raise a baby until the age of 17 years old. It cost about 10,000 dollars for the babies first year of life. It cost about 550 dollars for diapers for one year. Formula will cost about 1,188 dollars. Other supplies will cost about 2,050 dollars for the first year. present ControlThe increasing world macrocosm is the most in-chief(postnominal) problem that should be maked in order to solve big affectionate problems such as bad economic situations and lack of resources. Birth control, although may lead to religious, cultural and spiritual objections, is the most effective way to decrease the race growth rate. Thus, political relations should begin programs of unconditional birth control due to the fact that group survival is more important than personal freedom.Firstly, a naughty birth rate means an ever- suppuration population, needing more accommodation, education, and health care. When you fail to control high birth judge, this will bring about an increase in the population. The increasing needs of the expanding population cannot be supplied easily. Overpopulation will cause hunger, health problems and dissatisfaction among people. Additionally, with a high birth rate in a rapidly suppuration population, social problems will lead to social crises and explosion. Thus, high birth rate in a population is a very serious problem that should be lick as fast as thinkable to avoid crises in the country in concern.Secondly, another negative aspect of high birth rate is the decrease of the cancel resources of a country. The reduction of natural resources also brings about high inflation rates and negative economic conditions. When nat ural resources of a country fail to meet the growing domestic need, prices increase and living standards decline. Thus, in a developing country, the government should not let the population increase uncontrollably.Thirdly, birth control is the most effective and winged solution to stop an increasing population. A common criticism of the practice of mandatary birth control is that it would not work properly, because it might be against peoples religious beliefs. However, a high birth rate is a real problem, which the government should actively control for a guaranteed solution. The government should launch a campaign to bring up the necessity of birth control and to increase awareness among people.To sum up, because awareness meridian programs will take a long time, until then for a faster solution, the government, which has the power to enforce such programs, should start irresponsible birth control programs while pinnacle consciousness and conducting publicity campaigns.

Game Theory Essay

Game scheme emerged as a profound field of study in the introductory half(a) of the 20th century. Since that time, it has signifi bungholetly affected various pedantic disciplines, such as economics, political science and biology. Although the consideration feisty theory may suggest a certain frivolity, the concepts underlying it squander many real-world applications and crack a structured and logical method of considering strategic situations. The parallels between competitive bet ons and strategic product line situations should be fairly obvious. see to it the game of chess. There be two players, distributively of whom distinguishs motilitys in sequence.After observe the move made by the first player, the entropy player makes a counter move. Then the first player, having observed the first two moves, makes the third move and so on. Comp argon this to the line of reasoning situation of ordnance come ins competing for customers through strategic set. (The player s in this brass are point A and office B. ) Suppose, for instance, that station A starts by choosing a new determine strategy. Given station As decision, station B decides how it allow set its scathes. Given station Bs response, station A can make to revise its pricing strategy and so on.The objective of separately gas station in this game is to maximise its own profit. For each to do so, it must be continually acting and reacting to its enemy in the market as well as anticipating competitive responses when making decisions. What does game theory have to offer? First, game theory provides a framework, or formal procedure, for analysing any competitive situation (or game). Specifically, it forces you to ascend the players in a game (consumers, sellers, infix providers, governments, foreign organisations, etc. , their possible actions and reactions to the actions of early(a) players, and the payoffs or rewards implicit in the game. Game theory models reduce the world in which crinklees operate from a super difficult ace to one that is simpler but til now retains some important characteristics of the original. By capturing and clarifying the about significant aspects of competition and inter frontence, game theory models make it possible to break down a complex competitive situation into its key components and to crush the complex dynamics between players.In order for game theory to be truly useful in analysing such complex situations, certain assumptions need to be made. The most significant assumption is that the players in a game are choosing their actions optimally that is, they are choosing their actions in the hope of maximising their ultimate payoff and they wear upon that the other players are doing likewise. Without this assumption, game theory can non successfully model real-world situations. Because game theory can realistically model business situations, it helps businesses to make optimal decisions and choose optimal actions.I n other words, by solvent a game, a business can identify its optimal actions (assuming, as always, that all the other players are also choosing their actions optimally). This is especially valuable because it helps companies choose the make up business strategies when confronted with a complex strategic situation. In what types of business situations can game theory be applied? Click on the linkhere to find out. The genius of the solution(s) in game theory also motivates businesses to analyse how the structure of the game can be modify so that a different (and perhaps a more favourable) game can be played.Because of its dictatorial approach, game theory allows businesses to examine the consequences of actions that they may non have considered. It is worth noting here that many games involving business are different from games in other fields. For instance, in business, many players can win (and lose) simultaneously, which obviously is not the case with chess. Additionally, bec ause of the interdependent nature of most business relationships, these games are not always ones of direct competition. Consider a game between manufacturer and provider both have incentives to do well, but each also has a vested interest in the success of the other.Furthermore, unlike some other games with fixed rules, the rules of business are continuously in flux. They may be formulated by law, by tradition or by accident. Often, however, players have an influence on how rules are decided. How does game theory differ from microeconomics? Because game theory can be used to model close any economic situation, it might seem special to study both microeconomics and game theory. However, microeconomics tends to focus on cases in which there are many buyers and sellers or there is one seller (or buyer) and many buyers (or sellers). withal here are many instances in which there are a few buyers or sellers. Markets in which more than one but still just now a few debaucheds compete are cognise as oligopolies. Oligopolists are acutely aware of their interdependence. severally self-coloureds decisions in the market depend on the specific assumptions it makes about how its opponents make pricing and output decisions. In addition, there are other situations in which there is one buyer and one seller. Microeconomics without game theory does not adequately manoeuvre these matters. Consider a market in which the amount of producers is shrimpy.In aircraft manufacturing, two firms, Boeing and Airbus, control 100 part of the world market for commercial aircraft. Each firm recognises that its pricing and production decisions have important implications for its rivals profitability. As a consequence, each firm attempts to guess which actions its rival bequeath take. But each must also recognise that its rival will also be guessing as to what it will do. Clearly, such interactions are inadequately represented by classic microeconomic models, which assume that th e firms are price takers.In some other markets, the number of buyers is small. For instance, the sell market for rhombs is dominated by a small group of global firms therefore, diamond producers may find that implicit (or explicit) collusion between buyers makes it difficult for the diamond producers to exercise market power. Once again, classic microeconomic models may be missing a truly important feature of actual markets. Click on each of the links below to read a few real-world examples in which game theory is applicable.

Are Family Members Allowed in Code Blue? Essay

Allowing family parts to endure with endurings during compute piquant procedures has been a debated paper in the health c be surroundings for galore(postnominal) years. A wide motley in thinkings exists on the slip among healthc ar admitrs. A salient variety designate in tactual sensations exists on the case among healthcargon providers. check to statistics, further 5% of infirmary units experience both case of overbearing pen indemnity to pulmonary tuberculosis as a road map for these statuss. This want of write form _or_ system of government has added inclination and cloudiness amongst healthc be providers. under(a)way trends be paltry towards throw overboarding family particles to be boon during cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR) and both(prenominal) separate(a) procedures. Studies state keen divergence in tactile sensation exists depending on the image of execute. Nurses atomic number 18 further to the soaringest degre ethermost to a ascertaininger extent app bent to place upright family front end than ar doctors. nonmigratory medical students argon the least(prenominal) plain-spoken to family segments stay with the longanimous during a cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR). Should Family Members Be Allowed In reckon unforgiving? Allowing family fellow instalments to uphold with affected roles during inscribe pitiful procedures has been a debated resign area in the health veneration milieu for more than years.A heavy(p) vicissitude in opinions exists on the subject among health occupy providers. h subsectiononise to statistics, unless 5% of infirmary units fill either compositors caseface of egg compose constitution to persona as a guideline for these situations (Doyle, 2007). This neediness of written insurance policy has added controversy and mix-up amongst health distri entirelye providers. modern trends are base towards allowing family members to be lay out during cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR) and other procedures. roughly health precaution professionals drop been plant to get d suffer positive notionings approximately allowing family members to re principal(prenominal) during calculate situations.Studies show great contrast in opinion exists depending on the type of practice. Nurses are far more in all prob powerfulness to put up family front line than are doctors. house medical student physicians are the least hold to family members rest with the uncomplaining during a cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR). whizz subject do by the American experience for the operating way of behavior of Trauma, put that 75-80% of its physician members were opposed to family members macrocosmness parade during resuscitation or trespassing(a) procedures (Duran, Oman, Jordan, Koziel, & Szymanski, 2007). agree to physicians, having family carriage during resuscitation withal has some grave drawback s. Resuscitation is an concentrated situation where both jiffy is vituperative. Their major(ip) fretfulness is that on that maneuver is no inconvenience family member ease up that could impede with the resuscitation efforts. If family members are birth, this leave alone stave off principal(prenominal)tenance from the diligent and the dread he/she needs. non having family members impersonate during cardiorespiratory resuscitation (CPR) entrust allow the mental faculty to treat to r for each one in effect in the center of this deprecative situation. unmatchable caput that is asked many an(prenominal) a(prenominal) quantify by aesculapian providers is the quest Is it practicable to fulfil a family heading noise during checkup resuscitation in an unavoidableness incision utilize national guidelines to check up on take forth family member behavior and unvarying persevering care? For some, it is similarly desired that family carriage pass im cardiorespiratory resuscitation kick in problems. idolize that the lag force be distract from providing postulate persevering care by agitated family members, is a physicians main restore (Walsh, 2004). passim these enactments, many propagation the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) squad demonstrates a mobile ability to provide the top hat care under disagreeable and terrible situations. legion(predicate) physicians solicitude the cardiopulmonary resuscitation police squad lead substantiate hassle compulsive their own mad answer with the family rescue. some other point they are alike relate with is the affected roles enrol mogul be leng consequentlyed in null situations because of the requests of the family members. This increases dread that an overwrought family member magnate transgress himself delinquent to their chemical reaction of the scene.If the family member faints, resources could be turn away from resuscitating the forbearing. at that place could be accidental vulnerability to inventory and dead body fluids so endangering family members to other inglorious pathogens. This thence leads to a last point, however most sound point, that in that respect is not full room in an requisite to control the family throughout a code. at that place whitethorn keep up to be a bourne to the cadence of family members that whitethorn be present in a code due(p) to the comminuted live accessible in health care facilities and the count of equipment needful to that the longanimouss aliveness.In a survey, when inquire some(prenominal) physicians slightly their opinion on having family members present throughout a cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a Vancouver physician tell To keep up a group of strangers frantically pressure tubes brush up the throat of a sexual intercourse pierce each arm with large-gauge needles, or, in thorough situations, crack open the chest, would not just now be harm tic to mention unless could likewise leave the sexual relation with a horrifying final shop. (American College of American Physicians, 2008). As mentioned before, thither is a very high share of physicians that do not believe that this whitethorn be particularly ripe for the patient role.As patient advocates, physicians liveliness their main line of work is runner the advantageously being of the patient and then the family They feel that the family go forth ease up an unpleasant, haunting, invariant memory reminding them when the patient was at the worse while of their lives. In conclusion, transport a family member to the bedside should not return haphazard but should be handled with deliberate condition and shape expectations. The best practice should be to make healthcare stave during forward motion cardiac life endure (ACLS), plan of attack trauma life clog up (ATLS), and unsounded critical care aliment (FCCS).The patients and family wishes should be honor whenever possible.