Health, Social, And Nutrition Survey - 1052 Words

Health-seeking behaviors can be conceptualized in two approaches. The first approach refers to the utilization of existing healthcare systems by individuals of a population. The second approach refers to the examination of the factors that impact people in making â€Å"healthy† choices in regards to lifestyle behaviors or the utilization of medical care (Choudhury, Arjumand Piwoo, 1997). The observe patterns in health-seeking behaviors related to HIV/AIDS among MSM examined in the studies include engagement in risky sexual behavior, voluntary HIV testing, condom use, and the utilization of HIV treatment and related health services if HIV positive. In their study, Cheng, Gipson, Perez Cochran (2014) used data from the 2005 Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), a longitudinal study conducted in metro Cebu, to compare sexually experienced young adults who reported same-sex behaviors and those who did not. Using a single-stage cluster method, out of a total of 1,112 sexually experienced Filipino young adults, they found 22% of male young adults reported same-sex behavior and 19.4% reported a history of same-sex contact and/or romantic relationships (Cheng, Gipson, Perez Cochran, 2014). This is significantly more than the 4.4% and 2.3% of female young adults who reported same-sex behavior and a history of same-sex contact and/or romantic relationships, respectively. Age of initial sexual experience and the number of sexual partners are two factors related toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Nutrition in Public Health 1165 Words   |  5 PagesNutrition in public health: Objectives: Ensure that students acquire specific knowledge for the analysis of food and nutrition problems in population groups. Identify the causal factors of the state of nutrition in communities. Be able to take part in the planning and programming for prevention and control activities within the field of nutrition in public health. Program: I. Concept of public health: Historical evolution. Population and food. Quality of life and socioeconomic developmentRead MoreMalnutrition : A Common Problem1480 Words   |  6 PagesNepal Nutrition Section, CHD, DoHS, MoHP. (2004,p.5 ). Malnutrition is a very common problem in children under five years of age in Nepal and is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality– accounting for more than half of all child deaths. The process of stunting occurs between conception and two years of age, and is an irreversible process. Furthermore, the population of Nepal, especially women and children, are affected by major micronutrient deficiencies. Malnutrition increases theRead MoreEffects Of Protein Energy Malnutrition On Children And Children1708 Words   |  7 Pages decreasing maternal mortality rates, nutrition education and healthy foods in the different countries health care centers and schools. According to on the World health organization global databases in developing and developed countries such as the Africa, Asia, Latin America are low and the higher income group covers of 87% under five year olds children with adult females have common health issues of the protein energy malnutrition disease (3).World health organization has to report on malnutritionRead MoreA Research Study On The Nutrition Clinic1124 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant. †¢ From our short survey results we came to know that majority of the students that is 60 students out of 93 did not know about the nutrition clinic. 30 students knew about the clinic but 27 out of them refused to take in the opportunity to get free nutrition counselling. †¢ From the survey administered to 98 students in Brooklyn College through interns working with Dietitian we found that 96 students were undergraduate and only 2 students were graduate level. The survey mainly have students ofRead MoreThe Dietary Patterns Of Americans Essay1291 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans Eat What They Do: Taste, Nutrition, Cost, Convenience, and Weight Control Concerns as Influences on Food Consumption?† I chose this study because I was/am interested in why Americans eat what they do. Unfortunately, I could not find a popular account linked to this scientific study, so this is purely based off of the study. There were three hypotheses of the experiment. The first was, â€Å"we expect that demographic factors will predict the importance of taste, nutrition, cost, convenience, and weightRead MorePakist Child Health And Mortality1658 Words   |  7 PagesAisha Hanif PM 565 04/28/15 Global Health Country Report Pakistan: Child Health and Mortality Introduction Since it’s separation from India in 1947, Pakistan steadily grew to a country with a population of about 184.35 million people in 2013, making it the sixth most populous country in the world (â€Å"About Pakistan†). Pakistan is broken into four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (â€Å"About Pakistan†). Its capital is the city of Islamabad. While Pakistan has taken manyRead MoreNutrition and Physical Activity Essay673 Words   |  3 Pagesdifferent era of time and living. Within society today, nutrition and physical activity are not of the same importance as historically it was to so many individuals. The research question of appeal is does physical activity and nutrition play a key component in maintaining a healthy lifestyle? The independent variable, is the amount of healthy nutrients and physical activity decrease the likelihood of obesity and weight related health conditions and increase overall healthy living lifestylesRead MoreThe Effects Of Malnutrition On Indi The Facts Essay1419 Words   |  6 Pagesin five deaths in the world. More than half of these deaths could be prevented if children were well nourished . Malnutrition is a serious condition in which the body does not get the right balance of nutrients and calories needed to sustain good health and development. It has two sides - undernutrition and obesity/overweight. Undernutrition arises mainly as a result of inadequate or unbalanced diets, but is also caused by poor nutrient absorption or a loss of nutrients due to illness (2000, SmithRead MoreWeight Loss For African American Women999 Words   |  4 PagesActivity, and Nutrition (FAN) Study African American women have the highest prevalence of being overweight and obese in the United States, at 82%. A primary goal of Health People 2020 is to eliminate health disparities for populations that are at higher risk of developing chronic conditions related to obesity, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. Contributing health factors that cause obesity, such as decreased physical activity, stress, and poor nutrition, is also an areaRead MoreFood Insecurity And Measurements Used1681 Words   |  7 PagesFood Insecurity and Measurements Used To understand food insecurity, one first needs to grasp the concept of food security. Food security is present when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and healthy food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for a healthy lifestyle.1 So, food insecurity is when this source of healthy nutritious food is limited or unattainable, causing food deprivation and malnutrition.1 Food insecurity is a phenomenon

Crucible Essay Free Essays

Even after doing those things the harassers still end up at fault for whatever happened to them, but despite all that, they were able to regain their lost integrity. In Miller’s play it can be seen that characters were given the opportunity to w hat was right which they used, however it was not an easy for them to make the decisive on of telling the truth. An example of this is when John Proctor refuses to sign his name on an affiliation. We will write a custom essay sample on Crucible Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reason Proctor refuses to do so is because he values his reputation and more than anything he wants to keep his good name. Because it is my name! Because cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign myself to lies! Because I am not worth the dust on t he feet of them that hang! How may live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave my name. † (Act 4 page 143. ) In this quote it is seen that Proctor is trying hard to keep his name clean, and while doing so he does not care about what the future consequences would be. Simi Larry Reverend Hale has citizens who look up to him which places him as a higher authority. Pray you, someone take these† (Act 1 page 36. Here it is showed that Hale possesses p rower over the tizzies and that he is not concerned about the others in town. However tow awards the end both characters lose whatever power they had which causes them to be true to 20th errs and tell the truth and earn back their lost integrity. When the tim e came Proctor realized he en deed to redeem himself. â€Å"A man may think God sleeps, but God sees everything, know it no w. I beg you, sir, I beg you see her what she is†¦ She thinks to dance with me on my wife’s grave ! And well she might, for I thought of her softly. God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But it is a whore’s vengeance†¦ (Act 3 page 110. ) Here Proctor finally admits y o performing adultery and admits to his past mistakes, even though it has cosseted him his life e. Also Hale does the same, he admits to his mistakes and comes out with whatever truth was aft to be told. â€Å"Let you not mistake your duty as I mistook my own. † (Act 4 page 132. ) Hale after a long time finally admits that he misused his power and he regains his lost integrity while e trying to save the lives of innocent people. Also throughout the play it can be seen that there is change between character s whether it be the character changing themselves or helping other characters change. A good example of this would be from the beginning of the play, when it is seen that Proctor is did slowly to his wife Elizabeth. â€Å"Baby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But will cut off my hand before I’ll ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind. We never touched, Baby† (A CT 1 page 23). This here shows that Proctor is unfaithful to his wife and that he is also trying to erase the past and keep the truth about his adultery in the dark. In contrast while Proctor w s unfaithful, Hale was being motivated by wrongdoings. â€Å"Why is it all simple. I come to do the devil’s work. I come to counsel Christians they should belie themselves. There is blood on my head. Can you see the blood on my head† (Act 4 page 131). Here Hale is showing that he has been motivated by the devil to do wrong things. He here believes that he is doing the devil’s w ark. Never the less even after displaying such hideous traits both character’s managed to chi anger themselves and again earn back any lost integrity. How to cite Crucible Essay, Essays

Medical Technology free essay sample

One of the most recently trending topics is how efficient the use of technology is. We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many people suggest that today’s technology can potentially bring downfalls to this generation’s youth by addicting them into depending on it. What these people are forgetting to ask themselves is, â€Å"What benefits could today’s technology potentially bring? † Multiple correct answers to this question in a view that affects my life are well-explained in â€Å"Google Glass’s Efficient Applications in the ER† from Technology News on kgw. com. The article examines the effectiveness of Google’s newest invention, Google Glass, from a medical point of view. Since Google Glass has proven to be helpful in the emergency room, this concept affects my life due to my set-in-stone plan to pursue a career in the medical field. Google Glass’s â€Å"apps† help provide better patient care, which also explains to technology oppositionists just how efficient the use of technology is. The apps that Google Glass is suited with are composed of hands-free features. These features include taking pictures and recording video. In addition, you are able to share these pictures and videos via message or even live-stream. To send a message to a recipient, all the user needs to do is speak to Glass. Glass even allows you to search the internet for whatever is on your mind. The new technology even allows its user to translate foreign words and phrases into your own language. Lastly, and least importantly, another key feature of this new technology is its GPS navigational system. All of these hands-free features that Google Glass provides can be used in more than just a practical way (â€Å"Google†). When doctors give care to their patients, their care could possibly be relying on technology that assists the doctor. In some cases, this technology could be something as little as a stethoscope. Other times, the technology that doctors rely on could be something huge and complex, such as a computer. Either way, it is clear that a doctor’s use of technology is for better and more efficient patient care. With that in mind, Google Glass’s hands-free features show potential to implement Glass as a new, global, medical technology. Each feature that Glass is equipped with (beside the handy GPS navigational system) can be proven to assist doctors, allowing them to care for patients more freely (â€Å"Google†). Google Glass’s ability to take pictures and record videos, along with being able to share these pictures and videos, serves a purpose to medical workers by making their job more informational. For example, a first-responder in an emergency situation can capture what is happening during the scene. The first-responder’s visual description comes with its own visual display. When relayed to further patient care such as doctors or surgeons, this kind of information can be crucial to the patient’s survival. This information helps doctors prepare for treatment and know what to expect. The first-responder’s use of Google Glass informs the further patient care, educating them in a way (â€Å"Google†). Speaking of education, Glass’s ability to share and live-stream its pictures and videos can be used in an educational aspect. Descriptive pictures of medical content can be sent to an instructional doctor’s class, allowing his or her students to maximize the information received. Medical teachings, such as surgery, basic life support, extractions, extrications, etc. can be recorded and shared between pupils to be reviewed, re-watched, studied, etc (â€Å"Google†). This use of Glass can be applied to get a better understanding of how to master medical treatments. Mastering these techniques entitles you as a credible physician with credible experience. Most questions today are no longer answered by taking the time to find a credible source with a credible answer. The people who have these questions resort to searching the internet for a quick answer instead. In order to comply with these people, Google Glass has implemented its search engine into its features. To a doctor, this implement is useful by being able to find quick answers to simple questions while caring for a patient. For example, the doctor may ask Glass, â€Å"What allergic reactions can occur by latex? † in order to answer a patient’s question regarding his or her allergies. A hands-free search engine can also be used to bring up nearby hospitals, pharmacies, fire stations, etc. Glass’s ability to do this saves valuable time that could be used to save lives (â€Å"Google†). Glass’s last notable feature that applies in the emergency room is the ability to translate foreign words or phrases into the user’s own language. This can prove to be helpful in situations where the patient has a heavy accent, does not speak your language very well, or does not speak your language at all. In addition to translating foreign language into your own desired language, you can do the inverse. In order to make the patient feel more at home, more relaxed, and more cared for, doctors could now translate what they have to say into the foreign language the patient uses. Doing this would increase the number of doctors globally, since finding doctors who speak specific languages would be a thing of the past (â€Å"Google†). As a student who sees his future in the medical field, this article is of great importance to me. Seeing what applications are used in the emergency room increases my knowledge on the topic and gives me a better idea of what to expect in the future. I believe that technology plays a major role in the medical field, but I also believe that technology plays a major role in life in general. Google Glass’s features that are not meant for any specific area of use are practical. The use of these features and the outcomes they bring depend on how efficient you believe technology really is. So rather than bashing this new-coming technology as a curse on our youth, we should start to see it as a prosperous opportunity to serve a greater purpose in life.

Walt Whitman and the Civil War

Walt Whitman and the Civil War The poet Walt Whitman wrote about the Civil War extensively.  His heartfelt observation of life in wartime Washington made its way into poems, and he also wrote articles for newspapers and a number of notebook entries only published decades later. He had worked for years as a journalist, yet Whitman did not cover  the conflict as a regular newspaper correspondent. His role as an eyewitness to the conflict was unplanned. When a newspaper casualty list indicated that his brother serving in a New York regiment had been wounded in late 1862, Whitman traveled to Virginia to find him. Whitmans brother George had only been slightly wounded. But the experience of seeing army hospitals made a deep impression, and Whitman felt compelled to move from Brooklyn to Washington to become involved with the Union war effort as a hospital volunteer. After securing a job as a government clerk, Whitman spent his off-duty hours visiting hospital wards filled with soldiers, comforting the wounded and the sick. In Washington, Whitman was also perfectly positioned to observe the workings of the government, movements of troops, and the daily comings and goings of a man he greatly admired, President Abraham Lincoln. At times Whitman would contribute articles to newspapers, such as a detailed report of the scene at Lincoln’s second inaugural address. But Whitman’s experience as a witness to the war was mostly important as an inspiration for poetry. A collection of poems titled Drum Taps, was published after the war as a book. The poems contained in it ultimately appeared as an appendix to later editions of Whitmans masterpiece, Leaves of Grass. Family Ties to the War During the 1840s and 1850s, Whitman had been following politics in America closely. Working as a journalist in New York City, he no doubt followed the national debate over the greatest issue of the time, slavery. Whitman became a supporter of Lincoln during the 1860 presidential campaign. He also saw Lincoln speak from a hotel window in early 1861, when the president-elect passed through New York City on the way to his first inauguration. When Fort Sumter was attacked in April 1861 Whitman was outraged. In 1861, when Lincoln called for volunteers to defend the Union, Whitman’s brother George enlisted in the 51st New York Volunteer Infantry. He would serve for the entire war, eventually earning an officer’s rank, and would fight at Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other battles. Following the slaughter at Fredericksburg, Walt Whitman was reading casualty reports in the New York Tribune and saw what he believed to be a misspelled rendering of his brother’s name. Fearing that George had been wounded, Whitman traveled southward to Washington. Unable to find his brother at military hospitals where he inquired, he traveled to the front in Virginia, where he discovered that George had only been very slightly wounded. While at Falmouth, Virginia, Walt Whitman saw a horrifying sight beside a field hospital, a pile of amputated limbs. He came to empathize with the intense suffering of wounded soldiers, and during two weeks in December 1862, he spent visiting his brother he resolved to begin helping in military hospitals. Work as a Civil War Nurse Wartime Washington contained a number of military hospitals which took in thousands of wounded and ill soldiers. Whitman moved to the city in early 1863, taking a job as a government clerk. He began making the rounds in hospitals, consoling the patients and distributing writing paper, newspapers, and treats such as fruits and candy. From 1863 to the spring of 1865 Whitman spent time with hundreds, if not thousands, of soldiers. He helped them write letters home. And he wrote many letters to his friends and relatives about his experiences. Whitman later said that being around the suffering soldiers had been beneficial to him, as it somehow restored his own faith in humanity. Many of the ideas in his poetry, about the nobility of common people, and the democratic ideals of America, he saw reflected in the wounded soldiers who had been farmers and factory workers. Mentions in Poetry The poetry Whitman wrote had always been inspired by the changing world around him, and so his eyewitness experience of the Civil War naturally began to infuse new poems. Before the war, he had issued three editions of Leaves of Grass. But he saw fit to issue an entirely new book of poems, which he called Drum Taps. The printing of Drum Taps began in New York City in the spring of 1865, as the war was winding down. But then the assassination  of Abraham Lincoln prompted Whitman to postpone publication so he could include material about Lincoln and his passing. In the summer of 1865, after the war’s end, he wrote two poems inspired by Lincoln’s death, â€Å"When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d† and â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† Both poems were included in Drum Taps, which was published in the fall of 1865. The entirety of Drum Taps was added to later editions of Leaves of Grass.

Walt Whitman and the Civil War

Walt Whitman and the Civil War The poet Walt Whitman wrote about the Civil War extensively.  His heartfelt observation of life in wartime Washington made its way into poems, and he also wrote articles for newspapers and a number of notebook entries only published decades later. He had worked for years as a journalist, yet Whitman did not cover  the conflict as a regular newspaper correspondent. His role as an eyewitness to the conflict was unplanned. When a newspaper casualty list indicated that his brother serving in a New York regiment had been wounded in late 1862, Whitman traveled to Virginia to find him. Whitmans brother George had only been slightly wounded. But the experience of seeing army hospitals made a deep impression, and Whitman felt compelled to move from Brooklyn to Washington to become involved with the Union war effort as a hospital volunteer. After securing a job as a government clerk, Whitman spent his off-duty hours visiting hospital wards filled with soldiers, comforting the wounded and the sick. In Washington, Whitman was also perfectly positioned to observe the workings of the government, movements of troops, and the daily comings and goings of a man he greatly admired, President Abraham Lincoln. At times Whitman would contribute articles to newspapers, such as a detailed report of the scene at Lincoln’s second inaugural address. But Whitman’s experience as a witness to the war was mostly important as an inspiration for poetry. A collection of poems titled Drum Taps, was published after the war as a book. The poems contained in it ultimately appeared as an appendix to later editions of Whitmans masterpiece, Leaves of Grass. Family Ties to the War During the 1840s and 1850s, Whitman had been following politics in America closely. Working as a journalist in New York City, he no doubt followed the national debate over the greatest issue of the time, slavery. Whitman became a supporter of Lincoln during the 1860 presidential campaign. He also saw Lincoln speak from a hotel window in early 1861, when the president-elect passed through New York City on the way to his first inauguration. When Fort Sumter was attacked in April 1861 Whitman was outraged. In 1861, when Lincoln called for volunteers to defend the Union, Whitman’s brother George enlisted in the 51st New York Volunteer Infantry. He would serve for the entire war, eventually earning an officer’s rank, and would fight at Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other battles. Following the slaughter at Fredericksburg, Walt Whitman was reading casualty reports in the New York Tribune and saw what he believed to be a misspelled rendering of his brother’s name. Fearing that George had been wounded, Whitman traveled southward to Washington. Unable to find his brother at military hospitals where he inquired, he traveled to the front in Virginia, where he discovered that George had only been very slightly wounded. While at Falmouth, Virginia, Walt Whitman saw a horrifying sight beside a field hospital, a pile of amputated limbs. He came to empathize with the intense suffering of wounded soldiers, and during two weeks in December 1862, he spent visiting his brother he resolved to begin helping in military hospitals. Work as a Civil War Nurse Wartime Washington contained a number of military hospitals which took in thousands of wounded and ill soldiers. Whitman moved to the city in early 1863, taking a job as a government clerk. He began making the rounds in hospitals, consoling the patients and distributing writing paper, newspapers, and treats such as fruits and candy. From 1863 to the spring of 1865 Whitman spent time with hundreds, if not thousands, of soldiers. He helped them write letters home. And he wrote many letters to his friends and relatives about his experiences. Whitman later said that being around the suffering soldiers had been beneficial to him, as it somehow restored his own faith in humanity. Many of the ideas in his poetry, about the nobility of common people, and the democratic ideals of America, he saw reflected in the wounded soldiers who had been farmers and factory workers. Mentions in Poetry The poetry Whitman wrote had always been inspired by the changing world around him, and so his eyewitness experience of the Civil War naturally began to infuse new poems. Before the war, he had issued three editions of Leaves of Grass. But he saw fit to issue an entirely new book of poems, which he called Drum Taps. The printing of Drum Taps began in New York City in the spring of 1865, as the war was winding down. But then the assassination  of Abraham Lincoln prompted Whitman to postpone publication so he could include material about Lincoln and his passing. In the summer of 1865, after the war’s end, he wrote two poems inspired by Lincoln’s death, â€Å"When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d† and â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† Both poems were included in Drum Taps, which was published in the fall of 1865. The entirety of Drum Taps was added to later editions of Leaves of Grass.

Walt Whitman and the Civil War

Walt Whitman and the Civil War The poet Walt Whitman wrote about the Civil War extensively.  His heartfelt observation of life in wartime Washington made its way into poems, and he also wrote articles for newspapers and a number of notebook entries only published decades later. He had worked for years as a journalist, yet Whitman did not cover  the conflict as a regular newspaper correspondent. His role as an eyewitness to the conflict was unplanned. When a newspaper casualty list indicated that his brother serving in a New York regiment had been wounded in late 1862, Whitman traveled to Virginia to find him. Whitmans brother George had only been slightly wounded. But the experience of seeing army hospitals made a deep impression, and Whitman felt compelled to move from Brooklyn to Washington to become involved with the Union war effort as a hospital volunteer. After securing a job as a government clerk, Whitman spent his off-duty hours visiting hospital wards filled with soldiers, comforting the wounded and the sick. In Washington, Whitman was also perfectly positioned to observe the workings of the government, movements of troops, and the daily comings and goings of a man he greatly admired, President Abraham Lincoln. At times Whitman would contribute articles to newspapers, such as a detailed report of the scene at Lincoln’s second inaugural address. But Whitman’s experience as a witness to the war was mostly important as an inspiration for poetry. A collection of poems titled Drum Taps, was published after the war as a book. The poems contained in it ultimately appeared as an appendix to later editions of Whitmans masterpiece, Leaves of Grass. Family Ties to the War During the 1840s and 1850s, Whitman had been following politics in America closely. Working as a journalist in New York City, he no doubt followed the national debate over the greatest issue of the time, slavery. Whitman became a supporter of Lincoln during the 1860 presidential campaign. He also saw Lincoln speak from a hotel window in early 1861, when the president-elect passed through New York City on the way to his first inauguration. When Fort Sumter was attacked in April 1861 Whitman was outraged. In 1861, when Lincoln called for volunteers to defend the Union, Whitman’s brother George enlisted in the 51st New York Volunteer Infantry. He would serve for the entire war, eventually earning an officer’s rank, and would fight at Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other battles. Following the slaughter at Fredericksburg, Walt Whitman was reading casualty reports in the New York Tribune and saw what he believed to be a misspelled rendering of his brother’s name. Fearing that George had been wounded, Whitman traveled southward to Washington. Unable to find his brother at military hospitals where he inquired, he traveled to the front in Virginia, where he discovered that George had only been very slightly wounded. While at Falmouth, Virginia, Walt Whitman saw a horrifying sight beside a field hospital, a pile of amputated limbs. He came to empathize with the intense suffering of wounded soldiers, and during two weeks in December 1862, he spent visiting his brother he resolved to begin helping in military hospitals. Work as a Civil War Nurse Wartime Washington contained a number of military hospitals which took in thousands of wounded and ill soldiers. Whitman moved to the city in early 1863, taking a job as a government clerk. He began making the rounds in hospitals, consoling the patients and distributing writing paper, newspapers, and treats such as fruits and candy. From 1863 to the spring of 1865 Whitman spent time with hundreds, if not thousands, of soldiers. He helped them write letters home. And he wrote many letters to his friends and relatives about his experiences. Whitman later said that being around the suffering soldiers had been beneficial to him, as it somehow restored his own faith in humanity. Many of the ideas in his poetry, about the nobility of common people, and the democratic ideals of America, he saw reflected in the wounded soldiers who had been farmers and factory workers. Mentions in Poetry The poetry Whitman wrote had always been inspired by the changing world around him, and so his eyewitness experience of the Civil War naturally began to infuse new poems. Before the war, he had issued three editions of Leaves of Grass. But he saw fit to issue an entirely new book of poems, which he called Drum Taps. The printing of Drum Taps began in New York City in the spring of 1865, as the war was winding down. But then the assassination  of Abraham Lincoln prompted Whitman to postpone publication so he could include material about Lincoln and his passing. In the summer of 1865, after the war’s end, he wrote two poems inspired by Lincoln’s death, â€Å"When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d† and â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† Both poems were included in Drum Taps, which was published in the fall of 1865. The entirety of Drum Taps was added to later editions of Leaves of Grass.

Jonathan Swift on Style - Keeping It Simple

Jonathan Swift on Style - Keeping It Simple Other writers agree: that wise guy of English prose, Jonathan Swift, knew a thing or two about good style: Swifts style is, in its line, perfect; the manner is a complete expression of the matter, the terms appropriate, and the artifice concealed. It is simplicity in the true sense of the word.(Samuel Coleridge, Lecture on Style, 1818)No better style in English prose was ever written, or can be.(William Dean Howells, Preface, Gullivers Travels, 1913)Swift, the greatest writer of English prose, and the greatest man who has ever written great English prose.  (T.S. Eliot, The Varieties of Metaphysical Poetry, 1926) So when the author of Gullivers Travels and A Modest Proposal offers some free advice on writing, we probably ought to pay attention. Lets start with his famous definition of style as proper words in proper places. Short and sweet. But then, we might ask, whos to say whats proper? And just what does Swifts maxim really mean? To find out, lets return to the source. Swifts cryptic definition of style appears in the essay Letter to a Young Gentleman Lately Entered Into Holy Orders (1721). There he identifies clarity, directness, and freshness of expression as the chief qualities of a proper style: And truly, as they say a man is known by his company, so it should seem that a mans company may be known by his means of expressing himself, either in public assemblies or private conversations.It would be endless to run over the several defects of style among us. I shall therefore say nothing of the mean and paltry (which are usually attended by the fustian), much less of the slovenly or indecent. Two things I will just warn you against: the first is, the frequency of flat unnecessary epithets; and the other is, the folly of using old threadbare phrases, which will often make you go out of your way to find and apply them, are nauseous to rational hearers, and will seldom express your meaning as well as your own natural words.Although, as I have already observed, our English tongue is too little cultivated in this kingdom, yet the faults are, nine in ten, owing to affectation, and not to the want of understanding. When a mans thoughts are clear, the properest words will generally off er themselves first, and his own judgment will direct him in what order to place them so as they may be best understood. Where men err against this method, it is usually on purpose, and to show their learning, their oratory, their politeness, or their knowledge of the world. In short, that simplicity without which no human performance can arrive to any great perfection is nowhere more eminently useful than in this. Always think of your audience, Swift advises, and dont baffle them with obscure terms and hard words. Lawyers, surgeons, clergy, and especially academics should avoid using jargon when communicating with outsiders. I know not how it comes to pass, he says, that professors in most arts and sciences are generally the worst qualified to explain their meaning to those who are not of their tribe. One of the wittiest writers in the English language, Swift understood that his gift was rare: I cannot forbear warning you, in the most earnest manner, against endeavoring at wit in your sermons, because by the strictest computation it is very near a million to one that you have none; and because too many of your calling have consequently made themselves everlastingly ridiculous by attempting it. In other words, dont try to be a joker if you cant tell a joke. And at all times, keep it simple. Sound advice, right? But keeping it simple- putting proper words in proper places- is a lot harder than it sounds. As Sir Walter Scott once said, Swifts style seems so simple that one would think any child might write as he does, and yet if we try we find to our despair that it is impossible (quoted in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature).